Le faiga faavae ma ituaiga autu oleisa semiconductor
SemiconductorDiodes leisa, faʻatasi ai ma lo latou maualuga maualuga, faʻaitiitiga ma le tele o galu, e faʻaaogaina lautele e avea ma vaega autu o tekinolosi optoelectronic i matāʻupu e pei o fesoʻotaʻiga, tausiga faʻafomaʻi ma le gaosiga o pisinisi. O lenei tusiga o loʻo faʻaalia atili ai le galuega faʻavae ma ituaiga o laser semiconductor, lea e faigofie mo le filifilia o faʻamatalaga a le tele o tagata suʻesuʻe optoelectronic.
1. O le malamalama-emitting mataupu faavae o lasers semiconductor
O le taʻiala o le luminescence o lasers semiconductor e faʻavae i luga o le fausaga faʻapipiʻi, suiga faʻaeletoroni ma faʻaosofia le faʻaaogaina o mea semiconductor. Semiconductor meafaitino o se ituaiga o mea e iai se fusi, lea e aofia ai le valence band ma se faʻaulu faʻaulu. A o iai le mea i le eleele, e faʻatumu e le eletise le fusi valence ae leai ni eletise i totonu o le faʻaulu. Pe a faʻaogaina se fanua eletise faʻapitoa i fafo pe o loʻo tui i le taimi nei, o nisi o eletise o le a suia mai le valence band i le faʻaupuga faʻaulu, faʻatupuina paipa electron-pu. I le taimi o le faʻagasologa o le faʻasaʻoina o le malosi, pe a faʻaosofia nei paʻu eletise-pu e le lalolagi i fafo, o photons, o lona uiga, lasers, o le a gaosia.
2. auala fa'afiafiaina o lasers semiconductor
E masani lava e tolu auala fa'afiafiaga mo lasers semiconductor, e pei o le tui eletise ituaiga, ituaiga pamu opitika ma le maualuga-malosi electron beam ituaiga excitation.
Lasers semiconductor tui eletise: E masani lava, o latou semiconductor surface-junction diodes e faia i mea e pei o le gallium arsenide (GaAs), cadmium sulfide (CdS), indium phosphide (InP), ma le zinc sulfide (ZnS). Latou te fiafia e ala i le tuiina o le au i luga o le faʻaituau i luma, faʻatupuina le faʻaoso faʻamalosi i le itulagi o vaʻalele.
Lasers semiconductor pamu mata: E masani lava, N-ituaiga po o P-ituaiga semiconductor tioata tasi (e pei o GaAS, InAs, InSb, ma isi) e faʻaaogaina e fai ma mea galue, ma leleisaemitted e isi lasers o loʻo faʻaaogaina e pei o le faʻafefe opitika pamu.
Semiconductor lasers eletise eletise eletise maualuga: E masani lava, latou te faʻaogaina foi tioata N-ituaiga poʻo P-ituaiga semiconductor tasi (e pei o PbS,CdS,ZhO, ma isi) e fai ma mea galue ma e fiafia e ala i le tuiina o se eletise eletise maualuga mai fafo. I totonu o masini laser semiconductor, o le tasi e sili atu le faʻatinoga ma le lautele o le faʻaogaina o le eletise GaAs diode laser faʻatasi ma le faʻaluaina o le heterostructure.
3. O ituaiga autu o lasers semiconductor
O le Itulagi Active o le laser semiconductor o le vaega autu mo le gaosiga o photon ma le faʻalauteleina, ma o lona mafiafia e na o ni nai micrometers. O fausaga ta'iala fa'alotoifale e fa'aogaina e fa'asa'o ai le fa'asalalauina i tua o photon ma fa'aleleia atili ai le malosi (e pei o ta'iala fa'ata'amilosaga ma ta'otoga o lo'o tanumia). E faʻaaogaina e le laser se mamanu faʻafefe vevela ma filifilia mea e faʻaogaina ai le vevela (e pei o le kopa-tungsten alloy) mo le faʻafefe vave o le vevela, lea e mafai ona taofia ai le tafega umi e mafua mai i le vevela. E tusa ai ma la latou fausaga ma faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga, e mafai ona faʻavasegaina lasers semiconductor i vaega nei e fa:
Leisa-Emitting Laser (EEL)
O le leisa o loʻo faʻaulu mai i luga o le cleavage i luga o le itu o le pu, e fai ai se nofoaga elliptical (faʻatasi ai ma le Divergence Angle e tusa ma le 30 ° × 10 °). Ole umi ole galu masani e aofia ai le 808nm (mo le pamu), 980 nm (mo fesoʻotaʻiga), ma le 1550 nm (mo fesoʻotaʻiga fiber). O lo'o fa'aaogaina lautele i le tipiina o fale gaosi oloa, fa'apogai leisa alava puna, ma feso'ota'iga ivi tuavi opitika.
2. Laua Tu'usa'o Lau'ele'ele Emitting Laser (VCSEL)
O le leisa e fa'ao'o fa'asagatonu i luga o le va'a, fa'atasi ai ma se fa'alava lapotopoto ma fa'atusa (Divergence Angle <15°). E tuʻufaʻatasia se faʻasalalauga Bragg reflector (DBR), faʻaumatia le manaʻomia mo se faʻaaliga fafo. E fa'aaogaina lautele i le 3D sensing (e pei o le fa'aalia o foliga o le telefoni fe'avea'i), feso'ota'iga va'ava'ai pu'upu'u (nofoaga autu o fa'amaumauga), ma le LiDAR.
3. Quantum Cascade Laser (QCL)
Faʻavae i luga o le suiga o le eletise i le va o quantum Wells, o le galu umi e aofia ai le vaeluagalemu-i-mamao-infrared range (3-30 μm), e aunoa ma le manaʻomia o le faʻaogaina o tagata. O ata e fa'atupuina e ala i feso'ota'iga intersubband ma e masani ona fa'aoga i fa'aoga e pei o le fa'alogoina o le kesi (e pei o le CO₂ su'esu'ega), ata terahertz, ma le mata'ituina o le si'osi'omaga.
O le faʻataʻitaʻiga o le pito i fafo o le laser (grating / prism / MEMS faʻata) e mafai ona ausia le umi o le galu o le ± 50 nm, faʻatasi ai ma se laina vaapiapi (<100 kHz) ma le maualuga o le itu-mode rejection ratio (>50 dB). E masani ona faʻaaogaina i faʻaoga e pei o fesoʻotaʻiga telexing vaevaega umi (DWDM), suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa, ma faʻataʻitaʻiga biomedical. Semiconductor lasers o loʻo faʻaaogaina lautele i fesoʻotaʻiga leisa masini, masini faʻapipiʻi leisa numera, masini faʻapipiʻi leisa, faʻailoga leisa ma mea faʻapipiʻi, masini faʻapipiʻi leisa ma lomitusi, masini faʻafomaʻi laser, mamao laser ma mea faʻapipiʻi suʻesuʻega, meafaifaaili leisa ma meafaigaluega mo faafiafiaga ma aʻoaʻoga, vaega leisa ma vaega, ma isi. Ona o le tele o le tele o talosaga, e tele ituaiga ma gaosiga o lasers. Pe a faia se filifiliga, e tatau ona faʻavae i luga o manaʻoga faʻapitoa ma fanua faʻaoga. O tagata gaosi oloa eseese e eseese talosaga i vaega eseese, ma o le filifiliga o tagata gaosi oloa ma lasers e tatau ona faia e tusa ai ma le faʻaoga tonu o le galuega.
Taimi meli: Nov-05-2025